California
Medi-Cal & Long-Term Care Planning Basics
Medi-Cal is California's Medicaid program and the largest payer of long-term care in the state. Understanding how it works—and its limits—is essential before you rely on it.
Eligibility Basics
Medi-Cal LTC eligibility depends on functional need and income. California eliminated the asset test for most Medi-Cal programs in 2024, but rules on income, transfers, and estate recovery still apply.
Spousal Protections
When one spouse enters care, the community spouse keeps a monthly income allowance and the primary home. Careful planning protects the well spouse's standard of living.
Estate Recovery Risk
After the recipient's death, California can seek recovery from probate estates for care paid. Partnership policies and thoughtful estate structuring help avoid surprises.
What Medi-Cal Does—and Doesn't—Cover
Covered
- Nursing facility care (skilled and custodial)
- In-Home Supportive Services (IHSS) for eligible recipients
- Assisted Living Waiver in participating counties
- Medical care during long-term stays
Common Limits
- Provider choice is often narrower than private pay
- Assisted living waivers have long waitlists
- Private-room stays generally aren't covered
- Recipients must share income toward the cost of care
Educational overview only—Medi-Cal rules change frequently. Consult a California elder-law attorney for legal advice specific to your situation.
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